7 research outputs found

    Roteamento de tráfego veicular colaborativo e sem infraestrutura para sistemas de transportes inteligentes  

    Get PDF
    Orientadores: Leandro Aparecido Villas, Edmundo Roberto Mauro MadeiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: Devido à atual tendência mundial de urbanização, a sociedade moderna enfrenta, cada vez mais, sérios problemas de mobilidade urbana. Além disso, com o aumento constante do fluxo de tráfego veicular, as atuais soluções existentes para gerenciamento de tráfego se tornaram ineficientes. Com isso, para atender às crescentes necessidades dos sistemas de transporte, é necessário sistemas de transporte inteligentes (ITS). O desenvolvimento de ITS sustentável requer integração e interoperabilidade contínuas com tecnologias emergentes, tais como as redes veiculares (VANETs). As VANETs são consideradas uma tecnologia promissora que provê aplicações críticas de segurança e serviços de entretenimento, consequentemente melhorando a experiência de viagem do motorista e dos passageiros. Esta tese propõe um sistema de gerenciamento de tráfego de veículos sem a necessidade de uma infraestrutura de apoio. Para alcançar o sistema desejado foram necessários propor soluções intermediárias que contribuíram nesta tese. A primeira contribuição reside em uma solução que emprega conhecimento histórico dos padrões de mobilidade dos motoristas para obter uma visão global da situação da rede viária. Diferentemente de outras abordagens que precisam de troca constante de informações entre os veículos e o servidor central, nossa solução utiliza informações espaciais e temporais sobre padrões de mobilidade, além das informações específicas da infraestrutura viária, a fim de identificar congestionamentos no tráfego, permitindo, assim, o planejamento de roteamento de veículos. Como segunda contribuição, foi proposta uma solução distribuída para calcular a intermediação egocêntrica nas VANETs. Por meio da métrica egocêntrica foi proposto um mecanismo inovador de ranqueamento de veículos em redes altamente dinâmicas. As principais vantagens desse mecanismo para aplicações de VANETs são: (i) a redução do consumo de largura de banda e (ii) a superação do problema de topologias altamente dinâmicas. A terceira contribuição é uma solução de planejamento de rotas colaborativo com intuito de melhorar o gerenciamento do tráfego de veículos em cenários urbanos. Como última contribuição, esta tese integra as soluções descritas acima, propondo um sistema eficiente de gerenciamento de tráfego de veículos. As soluções propostas foram amplamente comparadas com outras soluções da literatura em diferentes métricas de avaliação de desempenho. Os resultados mostram que o sistema de gerenciamento de tráfego de veículos proposto é eficiente e escalável, qual pode ser uma boa alternativa para mitigar os problemas de mobilidade urbanaAbstract: Due to the current global trend of urbanization, modern society is facing severe urban mobility problems. In addition, considering the constant increase in vehicular traffic on roads, existing traffic management solutions have become inefficient. In order to assist the increasing needs of transport systems today, there is a need for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Developing a sustainable ITS requires seamless integration and interoperability with emerging technologies such as vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). VANETs are considered to be a promising technology providing access to critical life-safety applications and infotainment services, consequently improving drivers¿ and passengers¿ on-road experiences. This thesis proposes an infrastructure-less vehicular traffic management system. To achieve such a system, intermediate solutions that contributed to this thesis were proposed. The first contribution lies in a solution that employs historical knowledge of driver mobility patterns to gain an overall view of the road network situation. Unlike other approaches that need constant information exchange between vehicles and the central server, our solution uses space and temporal information about mobility patterns, as well as road infrastructure information, in order to identify traffic congestion, thus allowing for vehicle routing planning. Secondly, a distributed solution to calculate egocentric betweenness in VANETs was proposed. Through the egocentric metric, an innovative vehicle ranking mechanism in highly dynamic networks was proposed. The main advantages of this mechanism for VANETs applications are (i) reduced bandwidth consumption and (ii) overcoming the problem of highly dynamic topologies. The third contribution is a collaborative route planning solution designed to improve vehicle traffic management in urban settings. As the last contribution, this thesis integrates the solutions described above, proposing an efficient vehicle traffic management system. The proposed solutions were widely compared with other literature solutions on different performance evaluation metrics. The evaluation results show that the proposed vehicle traffic management system is efficient, scalable, and cost-effective, which may be a good alternative to mitigate urban mobility problemsDoutoradoCiência da ComputaçãoDoutor em Ciência da Computação2015/25588-6FAPES

    Exploiting vehicular social networks and dynamic clustering to enhance urban mobility management

    Get PDF
    Transport authorities are employing advanced traffic management system (ATMS) to improve vehicular traffic management efficiency. ATMS currently uses intelligent traffic lights and sensors distributed along the roads to achieve its goals. Furthermore, there are other promising technologies that can be applied more efficiently in place of the abovementioned ones, such as vehicular networks and 5G. In ATMS, the centralized approach to detect congestion and calculate alternative routes is one of the most adopted because of the difficulty of selecting the most appropriate vehicles in highly dynamic networks. The advantage of this approach is that it takes into consideration the scenario to its full extent at every execution. On the other hand, the distributed solution needs to previously segment the entire scenario to select the vehicles. Additionally, such solutions suggest alternative routes in a selfish fashion, which can lead to secondary congestions. These open issues have inspired the proposal of a distributed system of urban mobility management based on a collaborative approach in vehicular social networks (VSNs), named SOPHIA. The VSN paradigm has emerged from the integration of mobile communication devices and their social relationships in the vehicular environment. Therefore, social network analysis (SNA) and social network concepts (SNC) are two approaches that can be explored in VSNs. Our proposed solution adopts both SNA and SNC approaches for alternative route-planning in a collaborative way. Additionally, we used dynamic clustering to select the most appropriate vehicles in a distributed manner. Simulation results confirmed that the combined use of SNA, SNC, and dynamic clustering, in the vehicular environment, have great potential in increasing system scalability as well as improving urban mobility management efficiency1916CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP401802/2016-7; 2015/25588-6; 2016/24454-9; 2018/02204-6; 465446/2014-088887.136422/2017-002014/50937-

    Data dissemination in vehicular networks with multiple traffic conditions

    No full text
    Orientadores: Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira, Leandro Aparecido VillasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: Protocolos de disseminação de dados para redes veiculares dependem diretamente da topologia da rede para realizar a disseminação de forma eficiente. No entanto, a topologia desse tipo de rede varia constantemente devido ao comportamento dinâmico dos seus nós. Este fato contribui para o aumento na taxa de overhead e atraso de entrega dos dados. Logo, o maior desafio para protocolos de disseminação de dados é a sua adaptabilidade em diferentes tipos de topologia de rede. Outro desafio é tratar os problemas típicos em redes veiculares: tempestade de broadcast, particação da rede e fragmentação temporal da rede. Considerando os desafios apresentados, essa dissertação propõe quatro protocolos: ATENA, GTO, TURBO e CARRO. Os dois primeiros foram desenvolvidos para cenário rodoviário, o terceiro para operar em cenário urbano e o último para ambos cenários. Os protocolos propostos foram extensivamente comparados com outras soluções da literatura e os resultados mostraram que os protocolos propostos podem ser alternativas viáveis para realizar a disseminação de dados em ambos cenários e em diversas condições de tráfego. Os resultados das simulações dos protocolos propostos apresentaram um baixo overhead e garantia de entrega de messagem para a maioria dos veículos dentro da região de interesseAbstract: Data dissemination protocols for vehicular networks are directly dependent on the network topology to perform the dissemination in an efficient way. However, the topology of vehicular networks is constantly changing due to the dynamic behavior of their nodes. This fact contributes to increase the overhead and the data delivery delay. Therefore, the main challenge for data dissemination protocols is their adaptability to different types of network topology. Besides, there are typical problems in vehicular networks that need to be addressed: broadcast storm, partition networks, and temporal network fragmentation. Considering the challenges presented, this work proposes four protocols: ATENA, GTO, TURBO, and CARRO. The first two were developed for highway environments, the third to operate in urban environments, and the last for both environments. The proposed protocols have been extensively compared with other solutions from literature and the results showed that proposed solutions may be potencial alternatives to perform data dissemination in urban and highway environments with multiple traffic conditions. Simulation results showed that proposed protocols decrease the network overhead and guarantee message delivery to most vehicles in the region of interestMestradoCiência da ComputaçãoMestre em Ciência da Computação2013/19371-9147356/2013-0FAPESPCNP

    Towards Transfer Learning Techniques—BERT, DistilBERT, BERTimbau, and DistilBERTimbau for Automatic Text Classification from Different Languages: A Case Study

    No full text
    The Internet of Things is a paradigm that interconnects several smart devices through the internet to provide ubiquitous services to users. This paradigm and Web 2.0 platforms generate countless amounts of textual data. Thus, a significant challenge in this context is automatically performing text classification. State-of-the-art outcomes have recently been obtained by employing language models trained from scratch on corpora made up from news online to handle text classification better. A language model that we can highlight is BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and also DistilBERT is a pre-trained smaller general-purpose language representation model. In this context, through a case study, we propose performing the text classification task with two previously mentioned models for two languages (English and Brazilian Portuguese) in different datasets. The results show that DistilBERT’s training time for English and Brazilian Portuguese was about 45% faster than its larger counterpart, it was also 40% smaller, and preserves about 96% of language comprehension skills for balanced datasets

    ATENA: A Broadcast-Storm-Aware Solution for Highway Environments

    No full text
    corecore